DIABETES
- Zeynep EREREN
- 28 Oca 2021
- 2 dakikada okunur
Everyone has heard of diabetes. Did you know about 442 million people worlwide have diabetes and approximately 1.5 million people die from it each year? The global prevalance of diabetes among 18 years' old rose from 4.7% in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014 and it is estimated to keep rising. The question is what is diabetes?
Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose (or blood sugar) over a prolonged period of time and if untreated it can lead to serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Symptoms are excessive excretion of urine, thirst, constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes, and fatigue. There are a lot of types of diabetes but two type are more common, type 1 and type 2.
Type 1 means your body can't produce enough insulin which is a hormone that decreases blood sugar in order to keep your glucose levels under control but it's cause is unknown but it is assumed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The symptoms can occur suddenly. It is usually seen in people under the age of 30. Its treatment can be intensive insulin therapy which includes frequent testing and either regular shots of insulin or use of an insulin pump along with a healthy diet and regular exercise.
Type 2 means your body can't use insulin effectively. It is more common than type 1 and is usually the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity. The symptoms develop slower than type 1 so it can be diagnosed in a long time period. It is usually seen over the age of 40 however it has been increasing in young-adults, teens and children due to climbing levels of obesity. The treatment can include diets, exercise and medication.
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